潛(qian)水(shui)排污泵(beng)由于(yu)產(chan)品制造(zao)的(de)質(zhi)量，選型和安裝的(de)不(bu)(bu)正確，操(cao)作和維(wei)護的(de)不(bu)(bu)當或者長期使用(yong)(yong)后(hou)零(ling)部件的(de)磨損(sun)和電(dian)動機與電(dian)纜(lan)絕緣(yuan)材料的(de)老化(hua)變質(zhi)等原(yuan)因會(hui)引起(qi)故障(zhang)。電(dian)泵(beng)出故障(zhang)后(hou)應及時(shi)地查明(ming)原(yuan)因加(jia)以排除，才能繼續使用(yong)(yong)，否(fou)則會(hui)造(zao)成事故。現(xian)將(jiang)電(dian)泵(beng)常見(jian)的(de)故障(zhang)及其處理(li)方法(fa)詳細(xi)介(jie)紹(shao)并列表說明(ming)：1.電(dian)泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)能起(qi)動或起(qi)動困難(nan)故障(zhang)現(xian)象：合上電(dian)源(yuan)開關后(hou)，電(dian)泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)能起(qi)動;或者電(dian)動機起(qi)動后(hou)轉(zhuan)速上不(bu)(bu)去，水(shui)泵(beng)不(bu)(bu)出水(shui)或出水(shui)量小。

出現這種(zhong)情況可以從電氣和機(ji)械(xie)兩方面進行(xing)檢查與分析：

(1)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣方面電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)過低會使較大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵起(qi)動(dong)(dong)困難(nan)(nan)，即(ji)使起(qi)動(dong)(dong)起(qi)來運行時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)很(hen)大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)也會過熱。檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)和調整變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)即(ji)可(ke)解決。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)容量(liang)太(tai)小，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)也會困難(nan)(nan)，可(ke)換(huan)用(yong)合(he)適容量(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)。供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)截面太(tai)小，線(xian)路(lu)(lu)過長，致使線(xian)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)降落太(tai)大而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)困難(nan)(nan);應換(huan)用(yong)截面較大的(de)(de)線(xian)路(lu)(lu)或靠近變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)兩相供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，一相無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)不(bu)了。可(ke)用(yong)鉗(qian)形電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，或觀察控制柜(ju)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)表(biao)。如為兩相供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，應立即(ji)切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan);檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關的(de)(de)接觸(chu)是(shi)否良好，主回路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)接線(xian)是(shi)否有(you)(you)(you)斷頭或松動(dong)(dong)，熔(rong)斷器(qi)是(shi)否燒(shao)斷。如以上均無(wu)問題，再檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜線(xian)是(shi)否有(you)(you)(you)斷相，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜接頭是(shi)否良好;電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)繞組是(shi)否有(you)(you)(you)燒(shao)斷，查(cha)(cha)明原(yuan)因排除故障。

(2)機(ji)(ji)械方面(mian) 電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)三相電(dian)流(liu)(liu)均有，電(dian)流(liu)(liu)大而又(you)平(ping)衡，電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)起動(dong)不(bu)起來，應(ying)從機(ji)(ji)械方面(mian)查找原因。電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)與水泵的(de)軸承抱軸，葉(xie)輪卡住，水泵或(huo)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)內(nei)進(jin)入異物都會使(shi)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)起動(dong)不(bu)了。拆開機(ji)(ji)泵進(jin)行檢(jian)查，排除(chu)故障或(huo)修理之。

2.電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)(huo)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)故(gu)(gu)障現象(xiang)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)起動后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)正(zheng)常(chang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓也沒有(you)問題，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)(huo)是(shi)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)。新安裝的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)試車時如水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)或(huo)(huo)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)向反了;掉換(huan)任意(yi)兩相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)相序，即可(ke)(ke)解決;或(huo)(huo)是(shi)揚程超過，換(huan)用較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng);另外，揚水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管連接法(fa)蘭(lan)漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，揚水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管破(po)裂都會影響水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)。正(zheng)常(chang)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)，如果出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)日漸減小(xiao)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)長期使用后密封(feng)口(kou)環(huan)磨損(sun)嚴重，應(ying)進(jin)行更換(huan)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)吸人口(kou)堵(du)塞影響水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)吸入，清(qing)理(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)格柵(zha)或(huo)(huo)濾(lv)網。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)鑄(zhu)鋁轉(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)斷條(tiao)，銅條(tiao)轉(zhuan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)環(huan)開焊(han)，造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)出(chu)(chu)力不(bu)(bu)夠，轉(zhuan)速下降，使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)不(bu)(bu)足，更換(huan)轉(zhuan)子(zi)或(huo)(huo)焊(han)好(hao)開焊(han)處(chu)(chu)。此外，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)運轉(zhuan)正(zheng)常(chang)，但三(san)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)不(bu)(bu)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)斷裂，機(ji)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)聯(lian)軸(zhou)器松脫(tuo)等，應(ying)進(jin)行大(da)修，換(huan)軸(zhou)或(huo)(huo)重新組裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)故(gu)(gu)障及其(qi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)方(fang)法(fa)可(ke)(ke)參照表3-36。表3-36 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)出(chu)(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)故(gu)(gu)障及其(qi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)方(fang)法(fa)

3.電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)大(da)故(gu)障現象：電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)運行時振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)劇烈，手摸輸(shu)水管道、泵(beng)(beng)座(zuo)有明(ming)顯的振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)感覺，并伴有異雜聲(sheng)。電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)劇烈大(da)都是(shi)機械上(shang)的毛病所造成。如電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)組(zu)(zu)裝(zhuang)不(bu)良，機泵(beng)(beng)的軸線不(bu)在(zai)同一條直(zhi)線上(shang);泵(beng)(beng)座(zuo)的螺釘(ding)未(wei)擰(ning)緊，均(jun)會(hui)使(shi)電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)產生振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)。另外，井(jing)(jing)筒的偏(pian)斜使(shi)泵(beng)(beng)組(zu)(zu)處在(zai)歪斜狀態下(xia)工(gong)作，泵(beng)(beng)座(zuo)受力不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)也(ye)會(hui)使(shi)機組(zu)(zu)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)，嚴重時泵(beng)(beng)座(zuo)下(xia)部(bu)會(hui)斷裂，導(dao)致電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)掉入井(jing)(jing)內(nei)，應重新組(zu)(zu)裝(zhuang)電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)后再下(xia)井(jing)(jing)使(shi)用。電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)經長期(qi)運行后零(ling)部(bu)件的磨(mo)損(sun)，松(song)動(dong)(dong)也(ye)會(hui)引起電(dian)泵(beng)(beng)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)，應進行保養和更換磨(mo)損(sun)件。